This approach is attributed to the Italian physician Maria Montessori, a doctor who graduated from the University of Rome to work in a hospital where she wanted to specialize in psychiatry, and there she learned the way children with special needs study, and she read the books of those who preceded her in this field and was influenced by the way of Segan and others, and when she saw the feasibility Her curriculum with children with special needs concluded that this curriculum would be more effective with normal children, so a kindergarten was established in a poor neighborhood in Rome and she gathered the neighborhood children to apply her curriculum to them, and she called the kindergarten (the children’s home) as it made the classes more like what the child finds in his home, so the chapter contains The kitchen has a bathroom, and it has the tools and materials designated for this type of education. Classrooms are suitably furnished for children, so all class contents are easy to carry or move, and be in the appropriate size for it.

Children: The ages of children in the Montessori classes are different, and this is one of the pillars of the Montessori system, because this represents the ages of the brothers in the family, which makes the child feel familiarity. In addition, this strengthens the relationships between the children themselves, not becoming a competition, but a cooperation accompanied by a sense of the need for the group, and the desire to support and extend The helping hand and seeking help without hesitation or feeling ashamed, as Montessori believes that children learn from each other better than they learn from adults, so the older becomes a leader and mentor, and supports the experiences he has acquired when he passes them on to others, while the younger watches the older with interest, and this stimulates his desire to learn And he gains skills faster, as people are naturally inclined, especially children, to imitate.

Learning in the Montessori class: is done individually where the child deals with materials that include error control, which gives him self-reliance and independence, and this also provides him with the opportunity to progress in his own way and according to his own capabilities and abilities, without pressure forcing him to walk according to the group and makes learning difficult Repulsive.

Children: Children in Montessori classes are of different ages, and that is one of the pillars of the Montessori system

Characteristics of the teacher: The teacher in the Montessori system is called a mentor because she takes the child’s hand and puts him on the right path without being forced to learn, so her job is to prepare the environment and prepare the materials necessary for learning, and watch her children attentively until she sees the sign that predicts that he is ready to learn, so she starts with him where she explains the lesson to him, then monitors its implementation The first, then you leave it with the substance, it works on its own until it is satisfied and satisfies its need from it, and that is an aspect that no one else can decide. The counselor teaches the children individually, as this is essential in the Montessori curriculum, and there are lessons that are given in the circle, such as practical life lessons …

Independence: where the child works on his own without having to use adults, as the shelves are low and the furniture is easy to move … etc.

Indirect preparation: Each activity aims to achieve goals beyond what appears. Sensory materials train the hand and contribute to muscle growth in preparation for writing, as well as contribute to knowledge of abstract principles in mathematics.

Order: Order is prevalent in the Montessori class, so every tool has its place, and everyone is obligated to return what they used to their place.

the choice : The environment gives the child the opportunity to choose the activity he does according to his developmental needs

Freedom: The environment has been prepared to guarantee the child’s freedom to choose the activity that suits him and spend the time that suits him to accomplish it without being interrupted by others, as long as this does not interfere with the activities of others or interfere with them

Movement: The separation environment should not be a hindrance to or limit the child’s freedom of movement, and that he should be in contact with things and people in his environment to fulfill his needs for growth.

Materials: The materials are specially prepared for this type of education, where each tool has a goal designed to serve it, and those goals vary between direct and achieved upon completion of dealing with the tool or indirect, such as preparation for writing or mathematics

Error Officer: The tools are designed with error control and stimulate the child to work and discover

There is no suitable school for every child. Montessori class requires the ability to control oneself and movement and requires the student’s ability to cooperate and listen to instructions. It is not appropriate for hyperactivity and a child who has aggressive features as there is freedom of movement and work in the Montessori class. It does not suit the child who needs training to control his movement and behavior, He needs a smaller class, working in a group, and focusing on modifying his behavior.